在基于工业4.0的涂装生产线中如何做到清洁生产?
清洁生产的核心是“节能、降耗、减污、增效”。需要采用先进的工艺技术和材料,选用高端装备,采取综合利用和改善管理等措施,提高资源利用效率,从源头削减污染,减少或避免涂装生产线运行过程中污染物的产生和排放。总之,清洁生产不是把节能减排的重点放在末端,而是在生产全过程实施有效管理和控制。唯有不断技术创新、改进设计、使用清洁的能源和原料,提升管理,受控排放,强化治理,才是“清洁生产”的手段。对于涂装生产线而言,清洁生产的主体在于规划设计和运行管理,这也是国内品牌涂装生产线与国际先进水平的主要差距所在。
The core of clean production is "energy conservation, consumption reduction, pollution reduction, and efficiency improvement". It is necessary to adopt advanced process technology and materials, select high-end equipment, adopt comprehensive utilization and improved management measures, improve resource utilization efficiency, reduce pollution from the source, and minimize or avoid the generation and emission of pollutants during the operation of the coating production line. In short, clean production is not about focusing on energy conservation and emission reduction at the end, but about implementing effective management and control throughout the entire production process. Only continuous technological innovation, improved design, use of clean energy and raw materials, enhanced management, controlled emissions, and strengthened governance are the means of "clean production". For coating production lines, the main focus of clean production lies in planning, design, and operational management, which is also the main gap between domestic brand coating production lines and international advanced levels.
涂装作业是汽车等许多产业的能耗及排放主体,各类设备密集的场合,废水、废气、废渣、噪音等集中产生地,长期以来,减污增效一直是涂装生产线技术进步的动力,清洁生产的实施,在污染发生的全过程进行削减控制,改变过去“先污染后治理”的被动、滞后的污染控制手段,不仅大幅减小末端治理的费用,也有效避免末端治理的各种弊端,成为控制涂装生产线环境污染的最有效手段。
Painting operations are the main source of energy consumption and emissions in many industries such as automobiles. In densely populated areas with various equipment, wastewater, exhaust gas, waste residue, noise, etc. are concentrated. For a long time, reducing pollution and increasing efficiency have been the driving force for technological progress in painting production lines. The implementation of clean production reduces and controls pollution throughout the entire process, changing the passive and lagging pollution control methods of "pollution first, treatment later" in the past. This not only significantly reduces the cost of end of pipe treatment, but also effectively avoids various drawbacks of end of pipe treatment, becoming the most effective means of controlling environmental pollution in painting production lines.
涂装生产线的清洁生产模式包含自动化控制和智能控制技术、水性涂料、阴极电泳、机器人喷涂、逆流清洗等各种减量化模式。通过自动化控制和智能控制技术,在保证质量的基础上,实行精准运行控制,定量化运行模式,有效降低运行参数,同时将循环技术、环保技术、节能技术和资源节约技术的应用效率得到极大的提高,提高利用率,实现节能环保,确保清洁生产模式的高效运行。
The clean production mode of the painting production line includes various reduction modes such as automation control and intelligent control technology, water-based coatings, cathodic electrophoresis, robot spraying, and reverse flow cleaning. Through automation control and intelligent control technology, precise operation control and quantitative operation mode are implemented on the basis of ensuring quality, effectively reducing operating parameters. At the same time, the application efficiency of cycle technology, environmental protection technology, energy-saving technology, and resource conservation technology is greatly improved, increasing utilization rate, achieving energy conservation and environmental protection, and ensuring the efficient operation of clean production mode.
循环技术包括前处理药液过滤分离技术、废气过滤回用、循环过滤清洗技术、污水处理循环利用,前处理药液经过过滤分离,实现回用。环保技术包括漆雾干分离技术、浓缩焚烧技术、RTO技术等。节能技术包括变频控制技术、LED照明、节能电机、热电联供、燃气直燃加热等。资源节约技术包括分离技术、太阳能利用、热泵技术、机器人喷涂、厂区雨水收集系统等。综合利用各项清洁生产技术,可将VOC排放降低80 %,废水零排放,节能超过50 %。由此可以看出,清洁生产技术非某一项技术,而是各种技术的综合集成有效应用,辅助以技术支持、培训、指导和评价,达到最佳效果。
Circulating technology includes pre-treatment liquid filtration and separation technology, exhaust gas filtration and reuse, circulating filtration and cleaning technology, and sewage treatment and recycling technology. The pre-treatment liquid is filtered and separated to achieve reuse. Environmental protection technologies include paint mist dry separation technology, concentration incineration technology, RTO technology, etc. Energy saving technologies include variable frequency control technology, LED lighting, energy-saving motors, combined heat and power supply, gas direct combustion heating, etc. Resource conservation technologies include separation technology, solar energy utilization, heat pump technology, robot spraying, and rainwater collection systems in the factory area. By comprehensively utilizing various clean production technologies, VOC emissions can be reduced by 80%, zero wastewater discharge can be achieved, and energy savings can exceed 50%. From this, it can be seen that clean production technology is not a single technology, but a comprehensive integration and effective application of various technologies, assisted by technical support, training, guidance, and evaluation, to achieve the best results.
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