在现代工业制造领域，喷塑技术凭借其高效性、环保性以及卓越的装饰性能，已成为众多产品表面处理的首选工艺。然而，在涂装喷涂过程中却遭遇了喷粉线运行过程中喷塑工件不上粉或斑驳或堆粉等情况的困扰。除此几点，以下这些因素同样可能导致喷塑的困扰，值得我们深入探讨。

　　In the field of modern industrial manufacturing, spray coating technology has become the preferred process for surface treatment of many products due to its high efficiency, environmental friendliness, and excellent decorative performance. However, during the painting and spraying process, there were problems such as the powder coating line running and the sprayed workpiece not being coated with powder, being mottled, or accumulating powder. In addition to these points, the following factors may also cause difficulties in spray painting and are worth exploring in depth.

　　一、喷涂过程中出现的问题

　　1、 Problems encountered during the spraying process

　　A)

　　A)

　　工件不上粉、或上粉很少、或吸附力差容易掉落

　　Workpieces that are not coated with powder, have very little powder coating, or have poor adsorption force are prone to falling off

　　可能原因：

　　Possible reasons:

　　1、喷枪故障，如高压包损坏、电路板故障等等；

　　1. Spray gun malfunction, such as damage to the high-voltage package, circuit board malfunction, etc;

　　2、工件接地不好；

　　2. Poor grounding of the workpiece;

　　3、喷枪喷涂参数如电压、电流、出粉大小等与工件类型不匹配；

　　3. Spray gun spraying parameters such as voltage, current, powder size, etc. do not match the type of workpiece;

　　4、喷枪距离工件太远或太近；

　　4. The spray gun is too far or too close to the workpiece;

　　5、粉末问题，如太潮湿、金属粉末、粉末比重太大等等；

　　5. Powder issues, such as excessive moisture, metal powder, high powder density, etc;

　　6、或喷房内局部风速过快导致此区域部件不好上粉末。

　　6. Or the local wind speed in the spray booth is too fast, which makes it difficult to apply powder to the components in this area.

　　建议解决方法：

　　Suggested solution:

　　1、仔细检查喷枪、控制器等，发现并解决问题；

　　1. Carefully inspect the spray gun, controller, etc., identify and solve problems;

　　2、挂具接触点被粉末固化后的绝缘体包裹导致接地不好，需清除；

　　2. The contact point of the hanging device is wrapped in insulation after powder solidification, resulting in poor grounding and needs to be removed;

　　3、调节合适的喷涂参数。建议购买带程序储存的先进喷枪，可以避免这类问题出现；

　　3. Adjust the appropriate spraying parameters. It is recommended to purchase advanced spray guns with program storage to avoid such problems;

　　4、根据喷枪出粉量等，调整到合适的距离；

　　4. Adjust to the appropriate distance based on the powder output of the spray gun, etc;

　　5、将枪外壳体和粉管等的积粉清理干净，搪瓷粉末比重大，本身上粉率就较低；

　　5. Clean up the accumulated powder on the gun shell and powder tube, as enamel powder has a high proportion and a low powder application rate;

　　6、整改喷房结构，使得喷房内部风速符合喷粉设计规则和应用需求。

　　6. Rectify the structure of the spray booth to ensure that the internal wind speed meets the design rules and application requirements for powder spraying.

　　B)

　　B)

　　工件死角、凹槽位置不上粉或上粉很少

　　The dead corners and grooves of the workpiece are not coated with powder or coated with very little powder

　　可能原因：

　　Possible reasons:

　　1、喷枪喷涂参数如电压、电流、出粉大小等与工件类型不匹配；

　　1. Spray gun spraying parameters such as voltage, current, powder size, etc. do not match the type of workpiece;

　　2、喷枪性能不够好。

　　2. The performance of the spray gun is not good enough.

　　建议解决方法：

　　Suggested solution:

　　1、调节合适的喷涂参数，如电压、电流、出粉量大小等，测试出最佳的喷涂参数后储存，对这种工件调出最佳参数使用；

　　1. Adjust the appropriate spraying parameters, such as voltage, current, powder output, etc., test the optimal spraying parameters and store them. Use the optimal parameters for this type of workpiece;

　　2、更换性能更好的喷枪。

　　2. Replace the spray gun with a better performing one.

　　C)

　　C)

　　工件自动喷枪上粉不均匀

　　Uneven powder coating on automatic workpiece spray gun

　　可能原因：

　　Possible reasons:

　　1、工件吊挂方向不统一，导致自动喷枪在工件的同一位置的上粉不一样；

　　1. The uneven hanging direction of the workpiece results in different powder application of the automatic spray gun at the same position on the workpiece;

　　2、喷出的粉末雾型或出粉量与工件不配；

　　2. The sprayed powder mist or powder output does not match the workpiece;

　　3、喷枪布置角度、数量或位置需要改变。

　　3. The angle, quantity, or position of the spray gun arrangement needs to be changed.

　　建议解决方法：

　　Suggested solution:

　　1、需要调整挂具，同一类型工件吊挂一致，这样自动喷枪上粉均匀性才一致；

　　1. The hanging fixture needs to be adjusted to hang the same type of workpiece consistently, so that the powder uniformity on the automatic spray gun is consistent;

　　2、降低出粉量，或改成合适的喷嘴；

　　2. Reduce the powder output or switch to a suitable nozzle;

　　3、调整喷枪数量、位置与安装角度等。

　　3. Adjust the number, position, and installation angle of the spray guns.

　　D)

　　D)

　　喷枪出粉不均匀，一会儿大一会儿小，或吐粉

　　Uneven powder discharge from the spray gun, sometimes larger and sometimes smaller, or powder discharge

　　可能原因：

　　Possible reasons:

　　1、压缩空气压力过小或气量不够；

　　1. The compressed air pressure is too low or the air volume is insufficient;

　　2、粉末流化不好或没有流化；

　　2. Poor or no fluidization of powder;

　　3、粉管通道堵塞有异物；

　　3. The powder tube channel is blocked with foreign objects;

　　4、粉泵有故障；

　　4. The powder pump is malfunctioning;

　　5、控制器二次气调压阀有故障；

　　5. The secondary air pressure regulating valve of the controller is faulty;

　　6、粉末太潮湿或结块，或粉末内杂质多。

　　6. The powder is too damp or clumped, or there are too many impurities inside the powder.

　　建议解决方法：

　　Suggested solution:

　　1、带程序储存功能的喷枪一般需要6个大气压压力的压缩空气；

　　1. Spray guns with program storage function generally require compressed air with a pressure of 6 atmospheres;

　　2、解决粉末流化问题；

　　2. Solve the problem of powder fluidization;

　　3、仔细将从抽粉管到喷枪的粉末通道清理干净；

　　3. Carefully clean the powder passage from the powder extraction tube to the spray gun;

　　4、粉泵上的雾化气接头不通气、或漏气，需更换或清理干净；

　　4. The atomization gas joint on the powder pump is not ventilated or leaking, and needs to be replaced or cleaned thoroughly;

　　5、调压阀故障导致很少雾化气输出到粉泵；

　　5. The malfunction of the pressure regulating valve resulted in very little atomization gas output to the powder pump;

　　6、改良粉末品质。

　　6. Improve powder quality.

　　E)

　　E)

　　喷枪不出粉

　　The spray gun does not produce powder

　　可能原因：

　　Possible reasons:

　　1、控制器故障；

　　1. Controller malfunction;

　　2、粉泵问题；

　　2. Powder pump issue;

　　3、如果自动枪配有间隙控制并且启用，则可能是测链速的编码器无信号输入或光栅故障。

　　3. If the automatic gun is equipped with gap control and enabled, it may be due to the encoder for measuring chain speed having no signal input or a grating fault.

　　建议解决方法：

　　Suggested solution:

　　1、检查控制器内电磁阀是否损坏；

　　1. Check if the solenoid valve inside the controller is damaged;

　　2、检查粉泵，如其接头是否连接正确、喷枪与粉泵是否接错等；

　　2. Check the powder pump, such as whether the joints are connected correctly and whether the spray gun and powder pump are connected incorrectly;

　　3、检查编码器是否松动或连接电缆破损，检查光栅是否损坏等。连接好后重新启动试机。

　　3. Check if the encoder is loose or if the connecting cable is damaged, and check if the grating is damaged. After connecting, restart the test drive.

　　F)

　　F)

　　喷枪出粉调不大

　　The powder output of the spray gun is not adjusted properly

　　可能原因：

　　Possible reasons:

　　1、粉泵内文氏管磨损；

　　1. Wear of the Venturi tube inside the powder pump;

　　2、粉泵接头或底座漏气或破损；

　　2. The powder pump joint or base is leaking or damaged;

　　3、一次气阀有故障。

　　3. There is a malfunction in the air valve once.

　　建议解决方法：

　　Suggested solution:

　　1、更换新文氏管；

　　1. Replace with a new Venturi tube;

　　2、更换粉泵接头等，或清理干净底座或换新密封圈，保持密封良好；

　　2. Replace the powder pump connector, clean the base, or replace the sealing ring to maintain good sealing;

　　3、检查控制器内一次气阀是否已坏或被压缩空气内的杂质异物堵塞。

　　3. Check if the primary air valve in the controller is damaged or blocked by impurities or foreign objects in the compressed air.

　　G)

　　G)

　　隔离室内地面和空中到处都是粉末，造成污染浪费

　　Powder is everywhere on the ground and in the air inside the isolation room, causing pollution and waste

　　可能原因：

　　Possible reasons:

　　1、喷房和粉末回收系统设计或品质不好，没有达到喷房实际需要的抽风量、或设计结构错误导致粉末飘出喷房；

　　1. Poor design or quality of spray booth and powder recycling system, failure to achieve the actual required exhaust volume of the spray booth, or design structural errors resulting in powder drifting out of the spray booth;

　　2、回收系统故障，如从排风口有粉末排出等；

　　2. Recycling system malfunction, such as powder discharge from the exhaust outlet;

　　3、粉桶流化气带出的粉末飘落在外面；

　　3. The powder carried out by the fluidized gas in the powder bucket falls outside;

　　4、换色清理喷房时候，使用压缩空气乱吹；

　　4. When changing colors and cleaning the spray booth, use compressed air to blow randomly;

　　5、人工筛粉时飘出的粉末、加粉末时飘出的粉末等等；

　　5. Powder floating out during manual screening, powder floating out during powder addition, etc;

　　6、滤芯堵塞透气率大幅下降导致抽风量不足，粉末从喷房飘出。

　　6. The blockage of the filter element significantly reduces the air permeability, resulting in insufficient exhaust volume and powder floating out of the spray booth.

　　建议解决方法：

　　Suggested solution:

　　1、改造喷房或回收系统；

　　1. Renovation of spray booth or recycling system;

　　2、漏粉原因如滤芯破损、密封条破损、密封胶脱落、滤芯安装不正确等等，需仔细检查维修或改造好粉末回收系统；

　　2. Reasons for powder leakage, such as damaged filter element, damaged sealing strip, detached sealant, incorrect installation of filter element, etc., require careful inspection, repair or modification of the powder recycling system;

　　3、更换或维修好粉桶；

　　3. Replace or repair the powder bucket;

　　4、注意换色清理时的正确操作；

　　4. Pay attention to the correct operation during color changing and cleaning;

　　5、最好采用全自动粉末回收和过筛装置，避免人工筛粉的问题和失误和浪费；

　　5. It is best to use a fully automatic powder recovery and screening device to avoid the problems, errors, and waste of manual powder screening;

　　6、更换好的滤芯。

　　6. Replace the filter element with a new one.

　　H)

　　H)

　　喷房换色清理时间太长或很难清理干净

　　The color change and cleaning time in the spray booth is too long or difficult to clean thoroughly

　　可能原因：

　　Possible reasons:

　　1、喷房设计不合理，体积大或死角多，很难清理干净；

　　1. The spray booth design is unreasonable, with large volume or many dead corners, making it difficult to clean thoroughly;

　　2、操作工不熟练或工具不合适；

　　2. The operator is not proficient or the tools are not suitable;

　　3、自动喷枪多。

　　3. There are many automatic spray guns.

　　建议解决方法：

　　Suggested solution:

　　1、改善喷房不合理的结构；

　　1. Improve the unreasonable structure of the spray booth;

　　2、训练操作工，熟练配合清理喷房系统，一定要选择合适的清理工具；

　　2. Train operators to proficiently cooperate in cleaning the spray booth system, and be sure to choose appropriate cleaning tools;

　　3、提高喷房的自动化水平，如加装粉末中心，带自动化清理功能。或多配便于换色的部件如每套喷枪多一条粉管、多配几个粉桶等，尽量做到专色专用一个粉桶。

　　3. Improve the automation level of the spray booth, such as installing a powder center with automated cleaning function. Or equip multiple parts that are easy to change colors, such as adding an extra powder tube to each spray gun, or adding several powder buckets, to achieve a dedicated powder bucket for specific colors as much as possible.

　　I)

　　I)

　　过滤器回收产生很多废粉，浪费粉末

　　Filter recycling generates a lot of waste powder, wasting powder

　　可能原因：

　　Possible reasons:

　　1、小旋风或大旋风回收系统本身一次分离回收效率低，设备本身质量不好；

　　1. The separation and recovery efficiency of small or large cyclone recovery systems is low, and the quality of the equipment itself is poor;

　　2、回收粉末自动输送装置不工作，小旋风或大旋风装置下的回收粉末堆积过多，然后被直接抽吸到后过滤器；

　　2. The automatic conveying device for recycling powder is not working, and there is too much accumulation of recycled powder under the small or large cyclone device, which is then directly sucked into the rear filter;

　　3、自动筛粉机堵塞，导致小旋风或大旋风装置下的回收粉末堆积过多，然后被直接抽吸到后过滤器。

　　3. The automatic powder screening machine is blocked, causing excessive accumulation of recycled powder under the small or large cyclone device, which is then directly sucked into the rear filter.

　　建议解决方法：

　　Suggested solution:

　　1、改造或更换小旋风或大旋风回收系统；

　　1. Transform or replace the small or large cyclone recovery system;

　　2、检查回收粉末自动输送装置并解决存在的故障；

　　2. Check the automatic powder conveying device for recycling and solve any existing faults;

　　3、检查筛粉机并解决存在的故障。

　　3. Check the powder screening machine and resolve any existing malfunctions.

　　二、粉末固化后涂层表现出来的问题

　　2、 The problems exhibited by the coating after powder solidification

　　A)

　　A)

　　桔皮严重

　　Severe orange peel

　　可能原因：

　　Possible reasons:

　　1、粉末涂层太厚；

　　1. The powder coating is too thick;

　　2、烤炉温度、时间与粉末不匹配；

　　2. The temperature and time of the oven do not match the powder;

　　3、粉末流平本身问题；

　　3. Powder leveling itself is a problem;

　　4、喷枪反离子效应。

　　4. Anti ion effect of spray gun.

　　建议解决方法：

　　Suggested solution:

　　1、调整喷涂参数，降低涂层厚度；

　　1. Adjust spraying parameters to reduce coating thickness;

　　2、调整烤炉温度、链速度等，与粉末供应商联系并要求提供数据；

　　2. Adjust the oven temperature, chain speed, etc., contact the powder supplier and request data;

　　3、与粉末供应商联系并要求提供指导数据；

　　3. Contact the powder supplier and request guidance data;

　　4、调低静电参数或加配电晕环。

　　4. Reduce static parameters or add electric corona rings.

　　B)

　　B)

　　高光粉末的光泽低或低光粉末光泽太高

　　Low gloss of high gloss powder or too high gloss of low gloss powder

　　可能原因：

　　Possible reasons:

　　1、粉末涂层厚度大，或有不同粉末的污染；

　　1. The thickness of the powder coating is large, or there may be contamination from different powders;

　　2、烤炉温度参数或固化时间是否合适；

　　2. Is the temperature parameter or curing time of the oven appropriate;

　　3、其他污染，或压缩空气含水量大。

　　3. Other pollution or high water content in compressed air.

　　建议解决方法：

　　Suggested solution:

　　1、与粉厂联系，要求其提供指导。

　　1. Contact the powder factory and request their guidance.

　　C)

　　C)

　　涂层中出现杂色

　　Mixed colors appear in the coating

　　可能原因：

　　Possible reasons:

　　1、更换粉末时候清理不彻底；

　　1. Incomplete cleaning during powder replacement;

　　2、喷房设计缺陷导致死角无法清理干净。

　　2. Design flaws in the spray booth have resulted in blind spots that cannot be cleaned thoroughly.

　　建议解决方法：

　　Suggested solution:

　　1、彻底清理喷房以及回收粉末经过的通道和容器、设备；

　　1. Thoroughly clean the spray booth and the channels, containers, and equipment through which the recycled powder passes;

　　2、改造有缺陷的设备。

　　2. Revamp defective equipment.

　　D)

　　D)

　　膜厚度不均匀

　　Uneven film thickness

　　可能原因：

　　Possible reasons:

　　1、死角、凹处粉末太少，自动喷枪参数调节不匹配；

　　1. There is too little powder in blind spots and concave areas, and the automatic spray gun parameter adjustment is not matched;

　　2、手动补喷不均匀；

　　2. Manual spraying is uneven;

　　3、工件吊挂不整齐统一；

　　3. The workpiece is not hung neatly and uniformly;

　　4、升降机折返点与工件高度不匹配。

　　4. The turning point of the elevator does not match the height of the workpiece.

　　建议解决方法：

　　Suggested solution:

　　1、与粉厂联系，要求其提供指导；

　　1. Contact the powder factory and request their guidance;

　　2、提高补喷或预喷水平；

　　2. Improve the level of supplementary spraying or pre spraying;

　　3、整改挂具，同一种工件应该吊挂整齐统一；

　　3. Rectify the hanging fixtures, and the same type of workpiece should be hung neatly and uniformly;

　　4、顶部或底部太薄或太厚，则为升高或降低升降机往返点位置。

　　4. If the top or bottom is too thin or too thick, it is necessary to raise or lower the position of the elevator shuttle point.

　　E)

　　E)

　　涂层有规律间隔出现斑马纹这样的不均匀性

　　The coating exhibits unevenness such as zebra stripes at regular intervals

　　可能原因：

　　Possible reasons:

　　升降机速度与链速度不匹配，太慢或太快。

　　The elevator speed does not match the chain speed, either too slow or too fast.

　　建议解决方法：

　　Suggested solution:

　　调整速度。

　　Adjust the speed.

　　F)

　　F)

　　涂层中出现粉堆

　　Powder pile appears in the coating

　　可能原因：

　　Possible reasons:

　　1、喷枪吐粉；

　　1. Spray gun powder spraying;

　　2、粉末结块；

　　2. Powder agglomeration;

　　3、粉末堆积在放电针，在一定时候吹向并吸附在工件上；

　　3. Powder accumulates on the discharge needle and is blown towards and adsorbed onto the workpiece at a certain time;

　　4、金属粉末分离吸附在喷嘴和放电针上，在一定时候吹向并吸附在工件上。一般是由于干混金属粉末金属含量太高，铝粉堆积导致。

　　4. The metal powder is separated and adsorbed on the nozzle and discharge needle, and blown towards and adsorbed on the workpiece at a certain time. Generally, it is due to the high metal content of dry mixed metal powder and the accumulation of aluminum powder.

　　建议解决方法：

　　Suggested solution:

　　1、改善粉末；

　　1. Improve powder;

　　2、打开放电针清洁三次气可以改善，或喷嘴及电极针材料不好容易形成粉末堆积，所以需要使用高品质部件；

　　2. Cleaning the discharge needle three times can improve the situation, or if the nozzle and electrode needle materials are not good, it is easy to form powder accumulation, so high-quality components need to be used;

　　3、需要按间隔定时清理喷枪喷嘴和放电针，或更换粉末。

　　3. It is necessary to clean the spray gun nozzle and discharge needle at regular intervals, or replace the powder.

　　G)

　　G)

　　膜层中有杂质颗粒

　　There are impurity particles in the film layer

　　可能原因：

　　Possible reasons:

　　1、筛网孔径太大，或筛粉机筛网破损；

　　1. The aperture of the sieve is too large, or the sieve of the powder screening machine is damaged;

　　2、周围大气中由污染颗粒存在，回收系统吸入导致；

　　2. The presence of pollution particles in the surrounding atmosphere is caused by inhalation by the recycling system;

　　3、烘道内污染积累导致、链条上污染物导致；

　　3. Accumulation of pollution in the drying oven and pollution on the chain;

　　4、前处理表面处理不干净，导致基层表面含杂质。

　　4. The surface treatment of the pre-treatment is not clean, resulting in impurities on the surface of the base layer.

　　建议解决方法：

　　Suggested solution:

　　1、更换更密的筛网或换成精密筛粉机，或更换破损的筛网；

　　1. Replace the mesh with a denser one or switch to a precision powder screening machine, or replace the damaged mesh;

　　2、选择好的回收设备，可将回收系统的排风直接在喷涂室内循环，不要排出，这样外面有污染的空气也不会被抽入喷涂隔离室内。避免出现这种污染；

　　2. Choosing a good recycling equipment, the exhaust of the recycling system can be directly circulated in the spraying room without being discharged, so that polluted air outside will not be drawn into the spraying isolation room. To avoid such pollution;

　　3、彻底改造或清洁烤炉和链条及轨道；

　　3. Thoroughly renovate or clean the oven, chains, and tracks;

　　4、改善前处理直到符合要求。

　　4. Improve pre-processing until it meets the requirements.

　　H)

　　H)

　　膜层中有针孔

　　There are pinholes in the film layer

　　可能原因：

　　Possible reasons:

　　1、粉末厚度大，与炉温不匹配；

　　1. The powder thickness is large and does not match the furnace temperature;

　　2、粉末流平时间需求与炉温和烘烤时间不匹配；

　　2. The powder leveling time requirement does not match the furnace temperature and baking time;

　　3、工件表面有空隙或工件本身为铸造件，内部有空隙；

　　3. There are gaps on the surface of the workpiece or the workpiece itself is a cast part with gaps inside;

　　4、粉末中有污染。

　　4. There is contamination in the powder.

　　建议解决方法：

　　Suggested solution:

　　1、与粉厂联系并要求提供指导参数；

　　1. Contact the powder factory and request guidance parameters;

　　2、设备商和粉厂联系并提供指导；

　　2. Contact equipment manufacturers and powder factories and provide guidance;

　　3、预热将空隙中的空气排出，再喷粉和固化；

　　3. Preheat to exhaust the air in the gap, then spray powder and solidify;

　　4、改换成没有污染的粉末。

　　4. Replace with uncontaminated powder.

　　I)

　　I)

　　膜层中有缩孔

　　There are shrinkage pores in the membrane layer

　　可能原因：

　　Possible reasons:

　　1、前处理药剂污染；

　　1. Pre treatment agent contamination;

　　2、压缩空气油污染；

　　2. Compressed air oil pollution;

　　3、链条油污染；

　　3. Chain oil pollution;

　　4、来自周边设备的含硅物质污染、环境中化学挥发物存在污染。

　　4. Pollution from silicon containing substances from peripheral devices and contamination from chemical volatiles in the environment.

　　建议解决方法：

　　Suggested solution:

　　1、加强前处理清洗处理等措施，或更换药水等；

　　1. Strengthen pre-treatment and cleaning measures, or replace chemicals, etc;

　　2、维修或更换空压机及其过滤器，消除压缩空气中的含油量(需小于0.1PPM)；

　　2. Repair or replace the air compressor and its filter to eliminate the oil content in the compressed air (less than 0.1PPM);

　　3、采用高温链条油、加装接油盘等整改措施；

　　3. Adopting rectification measures such as high-temperature chain oil and installing oil receiving trays;

　　4、回收系统风机排放在喷涂室内循环，这样不会吸入有污染源的环境空气。

　　4. The exhaust fan of the recycling system circulates in the spraying room, so as not to inhale ambient air with pollution sources.

　　J)

　　J)

　　同一个工件中有色差或喷涂金属粉末有色差

　　There is color difference in the same workpiece or color difference in the sprayed metal powder

　　可能原因：

　　Possible reasons:

　　1、粉末喷涂厚度不均匀；

　　1. Uneven powder coating thickness;

　　2、烤炉温度不均匀，上下区域温度差异过大；

　　2. The temperature of the oven is uneven, and there is a significant temperature difference between the upper and lower areas;

　　3、升降机速度与输送链速度不匹配产生的斑马纹；

　　3. Zebra stripes caused by mismatch between elevator speed and conveyor chain speed;

　　4、手动人工补喷水平低，导致厚度不好；

　　4. The manual spraying level is low, resulting in poor thickness;

　　5、干混型金属粉末在粉末流化时，铝颗粒与树脂颗粒容易分离，从而导致产生色差。

　　5. When dry mixed metal powder is fluidized, aluminum particles and resin particles are easily separated, resulting in color difference.

　　建议解决方法：

　　Suggested solution:

　　1、调整自动喷枪喷涂参数、位置、间距等；

　　1. Adjust the automatic spray gun spraying parameters, position, spacing, etc;

　　2、改善烤炉温度均匀性，使其符合粉末固化对温度的要求；

　　2. Improve the temperature uniformity of the oven to meet the temperature requirements for powder solidification;

　　3、见本表E条；

　　3. Refer to section E of this table;

　　4、提高喷涂工操作水平，或采用先预补，后自动喷枪的方式，可提高粉末涂层均匀性；

　　4. Improving the operational level of spray coating workers, or adopting the method of pre filling first and then automatic spray gun, can enhance the uniformity of powder coating;

　　5、粉桶内只放少量的粉末并频繁添加新粉，或更换粉末。

　　5. Place only a small amount of powder in the powder bucket and frequently add new powder or replace the powder.

　　K)

　　K)

　　金属粉末或垂纹粉末开花不好、砂纹粉末纹理不好、金属粉末光泽不好等

　　Poor flowering of metal powder or vertical grain powder, poor texture of sand grain powder, poor luster of metal powder, etc

　　可能原因：

　　Possible reasons:

　　1、烘烤温度与烘烤时间不匹配；

　　1. The baking temperature and baking time do not match;

　　2、涂层厚度不合适；

　　2. Inappropriate coating thickness;

　　3、粉末污染或粉末本身问题。

　　3. Powder contamination or issues with the powder itself.

　　建议解决方法：

　　Suggested solution:

　　1、咨询设备厂和粉末厂并要求提供指导；

　　1. Consulting equipment and powder factories and requesting guidance;

　　2、咨询粉末厂和喷枪提供商并要求指导；

　　2. Consult powder factories and spray gun providers and request guidance;

　　3、消除不同类型粉末的交叉污染或更换粉末。

　　3. Eliminate cross contamination of different types of powders or replace powders.

　　L)

　　L)

　　边角流挂

　　Edge flow hanging

　　可能原因：

　　Possible reasons:

　　1、喷枪喷涂参数调节不佳或出粉量过大；

　　1. Poor adjustment of spray gun spraying parameters or excessive powder output;

　　2、喷枪本身性能较差，加剧肥边现象。

　　2. The poor performance of the spray gun itself exacerbates the phenomenon of fat edges.

　　建议解决方法：

　　Suggested solution:

　　1、降低出粉量，调节到合适的喷涂参数；

　　1. Reduce the powder output and adjust it to the appropriate spraying parameters;

　　2、更换更好的喷枪。

　　2. Replace the spray gun with a better one.

　　M)

　　M)

　　箱体边角露青或内角堆粉

　　The corners of the box are exposed with green or the interior corners are piled with powder

　　可能原因：

　　Possible reasons:

　　1、法拉第静电屏蔽作用，死角很难上粉末；

　　1. Faraday electrostatic shielding effect makes it difficult to apply powder to blind spots;

　　2、需要使用性能好对死角穿刺上粉效果好的喷枪，喷枪喷涂参数调节不对；

　　2. Need to use a spray gun with good performance and good powder application effect for blind spot puncture, but the spraying parameters of the spray gun are not adjusted properly;

　　3、喷枪出粉量太大。

　　3. The powder output of the spray gun is too large.

　　建议解决方法：

　　Suggested solution:

　　1、改用性能好的喷枪；

　　1. Use a high-performance spray gun instead;

　　2、调节好合适的喷涂参数，比如电流调节到20微安甚至更低，电压调节到60KV甚至更低，而且操作工需要有良好的喷涂技巧和经验；

　　2. Adjust the appropriate spraying parameters, such as adjusting the current to 20 microamperes or even lower, and the voltage to 60KV or even lower, and the operator needs to have good spraying skills and experience;

　　3、降低喷枪出粉量。

　　3. Reduce the powder output of the spray gun.

　　N)

　　膜层附着力差

　　可能原因：

　　1、前处理没有做好，比如磷化皮膜质量不好等；

　　2、表面残留有氧化物或溶剂；

　　3、涂层太厚或固化时间不够。

　　N) Poor film adhesion. Possible reasons: 1. Poor pretreatment, such as poor quality of phosphate coating; 2. Residual oxides or solvents on the surface; 3. Too thick coating or insufficient curing time.

　　建议解决方法：

　　1、询问前处理供货商寻求解决办法；

　　2、同上；

　　3、寻求粉末供应商提供参考数据寻求粉末供应商提供参考数据。

　　Suggested solutions: 1. Inquire with the pre-treatment supplier for a solution; 2. As above; 3. Seek reference data from the powder supplier.

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